Overtrainness problem

The best definition of overtrainness is – that is athlete condition where it comes to work efficiency drop. It is opposite of achieving good results and it should be seriously treated. Though conditions of overtraining are not always totally known, it is mostly the consequence of badly done training process.

Athletes’ recovery should be watched daily and weekly. Daily watching includes training diary, nutrition, stretching, use of sauna, baths and relax techniques. Week watching includes at least one day of active recovery and three days of massage.

Activities that can cause overtrainness

Training errors	Athletes’ lifestyle	Social surround	Health
Recovery negligence	Insufficient sleep	Too big family responsibility	Disease, heat
Bigger demands than capacity	Unorganized daily schedule	Frustration( family, friends)	Nausea
Stop of load increase on the training due to long training break	Smoking, alcohol, coffee	Professional dissatisfaction	Belly pains
High volume of high intensity stimuli	Teammates argument	Stressful professional activities
	Inappropriate life conditions	Overemotional activities( TV, loud music…)
	Weak nutrition	Family arguments related to the sport
	Too excited and too furious life

Reversal informations can sometimes be shown in the most simple way possible. For example, communication with the athlete is very important. Ask the athlete: “How do you feel today?” If the answer is:” I feel my legs are heavy, or I don’t feel myself well”, that means that the athlete is not recovered from the previous day load. Body speech, like facial expressions, kneeling or inclination due to recovery, new or constant old error repeating or a simple look in their eyes can play various reverse information. Be aware of the problems that athletes can revive(for example relationship argument, parents argument, school or work stress…) Make the movements that will help the athlete to overrule these problems before they become the facts in performance.

Look carefully at sportsmen will, wish to surpass personal performance, sleeping habits and emotional balance.

Weight variations of +/- 1kg during 24 hours period show normal recovery. Gain or loss out of written suggests too small load on training(gain) or load that stops normal recovery( weight loss).

Overtrainness symptoms

Psychological	Motor/ physiological	Functional
Increased irritability	Perturbated coordination	Insomnia
Decreased concentration	Increase in muscular tension	Quality nutrition miss
Irationallity	Return of already corrected errors	Digestion nuisances
Critics sensitivity	Inconsistency in rhythmic movements performing	Sweating
Isolation from teammates	Body prepareness	Vital capacities decrease
Lack of initiative	Decrease in speed, endurance and power	Longer period in which heart rate is returned to normal level
Depression	Slower recovery	Tendency to skin and tissue infections
Lack of selfconfidence	Reaction time increase
Decreased power of will	Tendency to injuries and accidents
Lack of militancy	Decreased capacity to differ and correct technical errors
Fear from competition
Tendency to give up from competition or team tactic plan

Overtrainness symptoms indicated by literature appearance

Physiology/performance	Psychological/ information processing
Weakened performance	Feeling of despondency
Impossiblity of repeated performing already adopted standards	Apathy
Longer recovery	Decreased self-respect
Decreased load tolerance	Emotional instability
Decreased muscular power	Difficulties with concentration on training and work place
Decreased maximal work capacity	Sensitivity to surround and emotional stress
Lost of coordination	Fear of competition
Decreased efficiency/ decreased movement amplitude	Decreased possibility of limited concentration
Repeated showing of already corrected mistakes	Increased susceptibility to inner and outer distracting
Decreased capacity of differenting and technical errors correcting	Decreased capacity of handling with big number of informations
Decreased correction and differential capacity of technical errors	Giving up when it becomes hard
Increased difference between heart rate in upright and prone position	Imunology
Abnormal T curve on ECG	Increased illness sensitivity(allergies, influenza conditions)
Heart discomfort at light efforts	Ilnesses like flu
Heart pressure changes	Unconfirmed glands arousal
Rest, training and recovery heart rate changes	Small scratches heal slowly
Increased breath frequency	One day influenza conditions
Overemphasized breathing	Decreased activity of functional neutrophiles
Decrease in body fat	Decreased overall lymphocyte number
Increase oxygen consumption at submaximal working capacities	Limited reaction on mythogenes
Lactic curve moving towards x axis	Increased number of blood eosinophiles
Decreased weight after evening training	Decreased lymphocyte share(non-T,non-B)
Increased basal metabolism rate	Bacteria infections
Chronical fatique	Reactivation of viral herpes infection
Insomnia with of without night sweating	Significant variations in CD4:CD8 lymphocytes
Feel of thirst	Negative oxygen balance
Anorexia	Hypothalamus disfunction
Lost of dreams	Flat curve of glucosis tolerance
Bulimia	Decreased concentration of muscular glycogen
Ammenorhea/ Oligomenorhea	Decreased bone mineral content
Headaches	Menstruation delay
Nausea	Decreased hemoglobine
Increased pain	Decreased iron serum
Gastrointestinal disorders	Decreased feritine serum
Muscular pain/ tension	Decreased TIBC
Tendons pain	Lack of minerals(Zn, Co, Al, Mn, Se, Cu..)
Periosteum pain	Increased concentration in urine
Increased C-reactive protein	Increased cortisone amounts
Rabdomiolisa	Increased corticosteroids in urine
	Low free testosterone
	Increased serum of hormones that chain globuline
	Decreased amount of free testosterone and cortisole for more than 30%
	Increased production of uric acid

"Periodization, theory and methodology of training", Tudor Bompa